Nominative Plural

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Introduction

If the base ends in -α/ or -ο/, the nominative plural is marked by /ι. If the base ends in any other letter, the nominative plural is marked by /ες.

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Intermediate

In the first and second declensions, the feminine and masculine nominative plural marker is /ι:

     κεφαλά/ι > κεφαλαί
     ἄνθρωπο/ι > ἄνθρωποι

For the purpose of metrics, this last syllable (-αι or -οι) is considered light.

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In the third declension, the feminine and masculine nominative plural marker is /ες:

     παίδ/ες > παιδές

In Attic, bases ending in -ι/ and -υ/ decline as if they end in -ε/ outside of the nominative and accusative singular. Subsequent contraction obscures the /ες case marker:

     πόλε/ες > πόλεις

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Vocabulary for this lesson (click here for the full lexicon)

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Related

Nominative singular
Vocative plural